×
ItalianoEnglish
Set as default language

Grandangolo Communications

  • Home
  • Company
  • Services
    • Public Relation
    • Digital PR
    • Marketing
    • Lead Generation
    • Events
  • Best Practice
  • Customer Press Room
  • Contacts
  • Languages
  • Home
  • Customer Press Room
  • Eset
  • ESET Research: Turla group uses Lunar backdoors to spy on European diplomats

Customer Press Room

ESET Research: Turla group uses Lunar backdoors to spy on European diplomats

by Grandangolo Communications / Friday, 07 June 2024 / Published in Eset

LunarWeb and LunarMail backdoors discovered that use steganography to avoid detection

ESET, a global European leader in the cybersecurity market, discovered two previously unknown backdoors, named LunarWeb and LunarMail, which compromised a European Ministry of Foreign Affairs and its diplomatic missions abroad, mainly in the Middle East. ESET estimates that the Lunar toolset has been in use since 2020 and, given the similarities in tactics, techniques, procedures and past activities, believes that these compromises can most likely be attributed to Turla, a Russian-aligned cyberespionage group. The goal of the campaign is cyber espionage.

L’indagine di ESET è partita dal rilevamento di un loader distribuito su un server non identificato, che decifra e carica un payload da un file. Questo ha portato i ricercatori di ESET alla scoperta di una backdoor precedentemente sconosciuta, che ESET ha chiamato LunarWeb. Successivamente, è stata rilevata una sequenza simile con LunarWeb distribuita nell’ambito di una missione diplomatica. In particolare, l’attaccante ha incluso anche una seconda backdoor, che ESET ha denominato LunarMail, che utilizza un metodo diverso per le comunicazioni di command & control (C&C). Durante un altro attacco, ESET ha osservato la distribuzione simultanea di una catena con LunarWeb in tre missioni diplomatiche di un Paese europeo in Medio Oriente, avvenuta a pochi minuti di distanza l’una dall’altra. L’attaccante ha probabilmente avuto accesso in precedenza al controller di dominio del ministero degli Affari Esteri e lo ha utilizzato per il movimento laterale verso i computer delle istituzioni correlate nella stessa rete.

LunarWeb, distribuito sui server, utilizza HTTP(S) per le comunicazioni C&C e imita le richieste legittime, mentre LunarMail, distribuito sulle workstation, persiste come add-in di Outlook e utilizza i messaggi e-mail per le comunicazioni C&C. Entrambe le backdoor utilizzano la steganografia, una tecnica in cui i comandi vengono nascosti nelle immagini per evitare il rilevamento. I loro loader possono esistere in varie forme, compreso il software open-source affetto da trojan, a dimostrazione delle tecniche avanzate utilizzate dagli aggressori.

“We observed varying degrees of sophistication in the compromises: for example, the careful installation on the hacked server to avoid scanning by security software contrasted with the errors and different coding styles of the backdoors. This suggests that probably more people were involved in the development and operation of these tools,” explains Filip Jurčacko, ESET researcher who discovered the Lunar toolset.

The recovered components related to the installation and the attacker's activity suggest that the possible initial compromise occurred through spearphishing and the exploitation of a misconfiguration of the Zabbix network and application monitoring software. Furthermore, the attacker already had access to the network, used stolen credentials to move around the network, and took careful measures to compromise the server without raising suspicion. In another compromise, researchers found an old malicious Word document, possibly from a spearphishing email.

LunarWeb raccoglie ed esfiltra informazioni dal sistema, come informazioni sul computer e sul sistema operativo, elenchi di processi in esecuzione, di servizi e di prodotti di sicurezza installati. Inoltre, supporta le comuni funzionalità di backdoor, tra cui le operazioni su file e processi e l’esecuzione di comandi shell. Alla prima esecuzione, la backdoor LunarMail raccoglie informazioni dai messaggi e-mail inviati dai destinatari (indirizzi e-mail). In termini di capacità di comando, LunarMail è più semplice e presenta un sottoinsieme dei comandi presenti in LunarWeb. È in grado di scrivere un file, creare un nuovo processo, fare uno screenshot e modificare l’indirizzo e-mail di comunicazione C&C. Entrambe le backdoor hanno l’insolita capacità di eseguire script Lua.

Turla, also known as Snake, has been active since at least 2004, perhaps even since the late 1990s. Believed to be part of the Russian FSB, it mainly targets high-profile entities such as governments and diplomatic organizations in Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East. The group is known for hacking major organizations, including the US Department of Defense in 2008 and the Swiss defense company RUAG in 2014.

Further technical information on the Lunar toolset, in the blog post “To the Moon and back(doors): Lunar landing in diplomatic missions”.

Tagged under: Eset, steeple

About Grandangolo Communications

What you can read next

In (ter) ception operation: starting from a LinkedIn message, the attackers point to confidential information and money
ESET Threat Intelligence data feeds improve visibility for users of the Microsoft Sentinel SIEM/SOAR platform
ESET announced Cloud Office Security to provide advanced protection for Microsoft 365 users

Customer Press Room

  • VERTIV presents the range of overhead prefabricated infrastructures on a global level, to accelerate the implementation of data centers

    VERTIV ™ Smartrun facilitates installation ...
  • Axiante is a partner of the "Virtual Job Meeting Stem Girls" event

    Participation in the initiative dedicated to ...
  • Vertivia enhances the pre-engineered solution of data centers for EMEA Edge Computing to promote energy efficiency and fastest on-site installations

    La nuova soluzione Vertiv™ SmartAisle&#x...
  • ESET expands the Cyber ​​Threat Intelligence: new feeds and APT reports for companies of all sizes

    Announced at ESET World 2025, the expansion of ...
  • Sentinelone gives a change to the role of partners with the new Global Partnerone Program

    The program provides partners with the tools, ...

Archives

  • April 2025
  • March 2025
  • February 2025
  • January 2025
  • December 2024
  • November 2024
  • October 2024
  • September 2024
  • August 2024
  • July 2024
  • June 2024
  • May 2024
  • April 2024
  • March 2024
  • February 2024
  • January 2024
  • December 2023
  • November 2023
  • October 2023
  • September 2023
  • August 2023
  • July 2023
  • June 2023
  • May 2023
  • April 2023
  • March 2023
  • February 2023
  • January 2023
  • December 2022
  • November 2022
  • October 2022
  • September 2022
  • August 2022
  • July 2022
  • June 2022
  • May 2022
  • April 2022
  • March 2022
  • February 2022
  • January 2022
  • December 2021
  • November 2021
  • October 2021
  • September 2021
  • August 2021
  • July 2021
  • June 2021
  • May 2021
  • April 2021
  • March 2021
  • February 2021
  • January 2021
  • December 2020
  • November 2020
  • October 2020
  • September 2020
  • August 2020
  • July 2020
  • June 2020
  • May 2020
  • April 2020
  • March 2020
  • February 2020
  • January 2020
  • December 2019
  • November 2019
  • October 2019
  • September 2019
  • August 2019
  • July 2019
  • June 2019
  • May 2019
  • April 2019
  • March 2019
  • February 2019
  • January 2019
  • December 2018

Categories

  • A10
  • Abstract
  • abstract
  • Acronis
  • Ally Consulting
  • Arrow
  • Arrow Electronics
  • Axiante
  • Babel
  • Computer Center
  • Cohesity
  • Italy Cloud Consortium
  • Consys
  • D-Link
  • Eset
  • G.B. Service
  • Habble
  • HiSolution
  • HYCU
  • Icos
  • Information Tecnology
  • Ivanti
  • Link11
  • MobileIron
  • Netalia
  • Nethive
  • Nexthink
  • Nuvis
  • Praim
  • QAD
  • Qualys
  • Red Hot Cyber
  • Riverbed
  • Saviynt
  • Sensormatic
  • SentinelOne
  • Talent Software
  • Vectra
  • Vectra AI
  • Vertiv

Office printing, digital PR, marketing, lead generation: all projects are born from our passion and expertise, with an inevitable touch of creativity and innovation.

COMPANY

Grandangolo Communications Srl
Via Sardegna 19
20146 Milano
Telephone +39 335 8283393
info@grandangolo.it

I SERVIZI

  • Home
  • Company
  • Services
  • Best Practice
  • Customer Press Room
  • Contacts
  • Languages

CONTACTS

  • Contacts
  • Cookie policy
  • Privacy policy

© 2019 GRANDANGOLO COMMUNICATIONS SRL | P.IVA IT 06394850967 | All rights reserveD.

Powered by Webpowerplus

TOP